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THÈSES 2011-2012 |
| Dates soutenances | Noms et titres | thèmes | Photos |
| 16 novembre 2011 | Vincent DELECROIX Combinatoire et dynamique du flot de Teichmüller |
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| 10 novembre 2011 | Meïli BARAGATTI Sélection bayésienne de variables et méthodes de type Parallel Tempering avec et sans vraisemblance |
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| 27 septembre 2011 | Christophe ARENE Géométrie et arithmétique explicites des variétés abéliennes et applications à la cryptographie |
ATI |
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Titre : Combinatoire et dynamique du flot de Teichmüller Directeur de thèse : Arnaldo Nogueira Rapporteurs : William Veech, Jean-Cristophe Yoccoz. Jury : Pierre Arnoux, Pascal Hubert, Arnaldo Nogueira, Jean-Cristophe Yoccoz, Anton Zorich. Date : 16 novembre 2011 Université d'inscription : Aix-Marseille II Abstract: In this thesis, we study the dynamics of the linear flow of translation surfaces and its renormalization by the Teichmüller flow introduced by H.Masur and W.Veech in 1982. A combinatorial version of the renormalization, the Rauzy induction on interval exchange transformations, was introduced by G.Rauzy in 1979. First of all, we consider the combinatorics of Rauzy classes which form a partition of the set of irreducible permutations and are part of the Rauzy induction. In a second time, we consider an infinite Z2-periodic billiard in the plane called the wind-tree model. It was introduced in a stochastic version by P. and T.Ehrenfest in 1912 and in the periodic version by J. Hardy and J. Weber in 1980. We construct a family of directions for which the flow of the billiard is divergent and hence give examples of divergent Z2-cocycles over interval exchange transformations. Moreover, we prove that the polynomial rate of diffusion is generically 2/3. In other words, the maximal distance reached by a particule below time t has the order of t2/3. Fichier / File |
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Titre : Sélection bayésienne de variables et méthodes de type Parallel Tempering avec et sans vraisemblance Directeur de thèse : Denys Pommeret Rapporteurs : Nicolas Chopin, Jean-Michel Marin. Jury : Christophe Abraham, Avner Bar-Hen, Sabrina Carpentier, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Nicolas Chopin, Adeline Leclercq-Samson, Jean-Michel Marin, Denys Pommeret. Date : 10 novembre 2011 Université d'inscription : Aix-Marseille II Mots clefs : sélection bayésienne de variables, modèle probit mixte, a priori de Zellner, paramètre ridge, Monte Carlo Markov Chains, Parallel Tempering, Equi-Energy Sampler, Approximate Bayesian Computation, méthodes sans vraisemblance Abstract: This thesis is divided into two main parts. In the first part, we propose a Bayesian variable selection method for probit mixed models. The objective is to select few relevant variables among tens of thousands while taking into account the design of a study, and in particular the fact that several datasets are merged together. The probit mixed model used is considered as part of a larger hierarchical Bayesian model, and the dataset is introduced as a random effect. The proposed method extends a work of Lee et al. [131]. The first step is to specify the model and prior distributions. In particular, we use the g-prior of Zellner [238] for the fixed regression coefficients. In a second step, we use a Metropolis-within-Gibbs algorithm combined with the grouping (or blocking) technique of Liu [141]. This choice has both theoritical and practical advantages. The method developed is applied to merged microarray datasets of patients with breast cancer. However, this method has a limit : the covariance matrix involved in the g-prior should not be singular. But there are two standard cases in which it is singular : if the number of observations is lower than the number of variables, or if some variables are linear combinations of others. In such situations we propose to modify the g-prior by introducing a ridge parameter, and a simple way to choose the associated hyper-parameters. The prior obtained is a compromise between the conditional independent case of the coefficient regressors and the automatic scaling advantage offered by the g-prior, and can be linked to the work of Gupta and Ibrahim [89]. Keywords: Bayesian variable selection, probit mixed model, Zellner g-prior, ridge parameter, Monte Carlo Markov Chains, Parallel Tempering, Equi-Energy Sampler, Approximate Bayesian Computation, Likelihood-Free methods Fichier / File |
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Titre : Géométrie et arithmétique explicites des variétés abéliennes et applications à la cryptographie Directeurs de thèse : David Kohel, Christophe Ritzenthaler Rapporteurs : Sylvain Duquesne, Florian Hess. Jury : Sylvain Duquesne, Florian Hess, Pierrick Gaudry, Laurent Imbert, David Kohel, Gilles Lachaud, Christophe Ritzenthaler. Date : 27 septembre 2011 Université d'inscription : Aix-Marseille II Mots clefs : courbes d’Edwards tordues, courbe elliptique, loi d’addition k-complète, couplage de Tate réduit, formules explicites, fibré en droite, plongement projectif, jacobienne d’une courbe de genre 2, fonctions thêta, thêta constantes Abstract: The main objects we study in this PhD thesis are the equations describing the group morphism on an abelian variety, embedded in a projective space, and their applications in cryptograhy. We denote by g its dimension and k its field of definition. This thesis is built in two parts. The first one is concerned by the study of Edwards curves, a model for elliptic curves having a cyclic subgroup of k-rational points of order 4, known in cryptography for the efficiency of their addition law and the fact that it can be defined for any couple of k-rational points (k-complete addition law). We give the corresponding geometric interpretation and deduce explicit formulae to calculate the reduced Tate pairing on twisted Edwards curves, whose efficiency compete with currently used elliptic models. The part ends with the generation, specific to pairing computation, of Edwards curves with today’s cryptographic standard sizes. In the second part, we are interested in the notion of completeness introduced above. This property is cryptographically significant, indeed it permits to avoid physical attacks as side channel attacks, on elliptic – or hyperelliptic – curves cryptosystems. A preceeding work of Lange and Ruppert, based on cohomology of line bundles, brings a theoretic approach of addition laws. We present three important results: first of all we generalize a result of Bosma and Lenstra by proving that the group morphism can not be described by less than g + 1 addition laws on the algebraic closure of k. Next, we prove that if the absolute Galois group of k is infinite, then any abelian variety can be projectively embedded together with a k-complete addition law. Moreover, a cryptographic use of abelian varieties restricting us to the dimension one and two cases, we prove that such a law exists for their classical projective embedding. Finally, we develop an algorithm, based on the theory of theta functions, computing this addition law in P15 on the Jacobian of a genus two curve given in Rosenhain form. It is now included in AVIsogenies, a Magma package. Keywords: twisted Edwards curves, elliptic curve, k-complete addition law, reduced Tate pairing, explicite formulae, line bundle, projective embedding, Jacobian of a genus 2 curve, theta functions, theta constants Fichier / File |
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Last update : march 15, 201, EL.
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